What is ADHD?
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD) and attention deficit disorder (ADD) refers to a range of problem
behaviours associated with poor attention span.
These may include impulsiveness, restlessness
and hyperactivity, as well as inattentiveness, and often prevent children from
learning and socialising well. ADHD is sometimes referred to as hyperkinetic
disorder.
What are the symptoms of
ADHD?
Attention difficulties
A child must have exhibited at least six of
the following symptoms for at least six months to an extent that is unusual for
their age and level of intelligence.
- Fails
to pay close attention to detail or makes careless errors during work or
play.
- Fails
to finish tasks or sustain attention in play activities.
- Seems
not to listen to what is said to him or her.
- Fails
to follow through instructions or to finish homework or chores (not
because of confrontational behaviour or failure to understand
instructions).
- Disorganised
about tasks and activities.
- Avoids
tasks like homework that require sustained mental effort.
- Loses
things necessary for certain tasks or activities, such as pencils, books
or toys.
- Easily
distracted.
- Forgetful
in the course of daily activities.
Hyperactivity
A child must have exhibited at least three of
the following symptoms for at least six months to an extent that is unusual for
their age and level of intelligence.
- Runs
around or excessively climbs over things. (In adolescents or adults only
feelings of restlessness may occur.)
- Unduly
noisy in playing, or has difficulty in engaging in quiet leisure
activities.
- Leaves
seat in classroom or in other situations where remaining seated is
expected.
- Fidgets
with hands or feet or squirms on seat.
Impulsivity
At least one of the following symptoms must
have persisted at least for six months to an extent that is unusual for their
age and level of intelligence.
- Blurts
out answers before the questions have been completed.
- Fails
to wait in lines or await turns in games or group situations.
- Interrupts
or intrudes on others, e.g. butts into others conversations or games.
- Talks
excessively without appropriate response to social restraint.
What causes ADHD?
Biological factors
- The
child's temperament, as this contributes to their attitude and personality.
- Studies
of twins suggest a genetic link to ADHD. In 80-90 per cent of identical
twins where one has ADHD so does the other. Recent research also suggests
there is a greater chance of inheriting the condition from male relatives
such as grandfathers.
- Brain
injuries due to birth trauma or pre-birth problems. The brain structures
believed to be linked to the development of ADHD are vulnerable to hypoxic
damage during birth. The damage is caused by inadequate oxygen reaching
parts of the brain while blood flow is reduced.
Environmental factors
- Family
stress.
- Educational
difficulties.
How is ADHD diagnosed?
There is no single diagnostic test for ADHD so
different sorts of information needs to be gathered, such as the following:
History of symptoms
The precise nature of the difficulties, when
they were first noticed, in what situations they occur, factors that exacerbate
or relieve them.
Medical history
Risk factors that could predispose the child
to ADHD include difficulties and risks in pregnancy and during birth, for
example if the mother was in poor health, very young or drank alcohol or smoked
or had an extended or complicated labour.
Accidents, operations and chronic medical
conditions such as epilepsy, asthma and heart, liver and kidney disorders all
need to be taken in to account. Also of possible relevance is any medication
the child is taking, as well as any adverse reactions they have had to
medication in the past.
Past psychiatric history
Enquiring about any mental health problems the
child has had can help rule out depression or anxiety being behind the
symptoms.
Educational history
This means the level of their ability and what
specific difficulties they have, how they function within their peer group and
get on with teachers, and any behaviour difficulties such as suspensions or
exclusions. A more detailed evaluation of the child's learning by a
psychologist may be necessary.
Evaluation of the child's
temperament and personality
The child's temperament and personality, those
of other family members and the nature of relationships within the family may
need to be assessed. This will include discussion of the methods used by the
parents to manage the child's behaviour and how successful they have been.
Although this seems intrusive, the assessor will remain neutral and parents
should not feel the disorder is 'their fault'.
Family history
The mental and physical health of the child's
parents and other family members can be relevant, particularly regarding the
incidence of ADHD or depression.
Social assessment
The family's social circumstances, such as
housing, poverty, and social support may all have an impact on the child's
behaviour.
What treatment is
available for ADHD?
Treatment depends on a child's exact
diagnosis. It should take into account any specific difficulties and those
strengths that may aid their improvement.
- It
is not easy to live or cope with a child with ADHD. Both parents and
teachers can follow general guidelines to manage a child's problematic
behaviour but they may
Psychological treatments
In addition to the management techniques
described, other forms of psychological treatment might include anxiety
management, cognitive therapy, individual psychotherapy and social skills
training.
Homeo treatment for ADHD
Homeopathy medicines works well in child and adult ADHD along with
other therapies.
Whom to
contact for ADHD Counseling & Treatment
Dr. Senthil Kumar is well experienced Homeopath &
Psychologist who treats many cases such problems like ADHD with successful outcomes. Many of the clients
get relief after Taking treatment & attending psychological counseling with
him. Dr. Senthil Kumar visits Vivekanantha Homeopathy Clinic &
Psychological Counseling Center, Velachery, Chennai. To fix an appointment,
please call or mail us:
Vivekanantha
Homeopathy Clinic & Psychological Counseling Center, at
Chennai:- 9786901830
Panruti:- 9443054168
Pondicherry:- 9865212055 (Camp)
For appointment please Call us or Mail Us
For
appointment: SMS your Name -Age – Mobile Number - Problem in Single word -
date and day - Place of appointment (Eg: Rajini - 99xxxxxxx0 – ADHD – 21st Oct,
Sunday - Chennai), You will receive Appointment details through SMS
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